Device Overview

1.1 Name and Model

Name: Digital Universal Material Testing Machine

Model: WE-300B

1.2 Execution Standard: GB/T50123-2019 “Code for Geotechnical Testing”

1.3 Overview of Functions This series of testing machines is primarily used for tensile, compressive, and bending tests on metallic materials, and is equipped with cold‑bending attachments to also perform cold‑bending tests on metal materials. Consequently, these testing machines meet the testing needs of research institutions, construction contractors, metallurgical plants, mechanical manufacturing facilities, and laboratory departments at various types of schools.

The working cylinder of this series of testing machines adopts a bottom-mounted design, uses hydraulic pressure for loading, employs sensors to measure force, and features digital display of force values. It is equipped with a loading speed indicator window that allows the user to adjust the loading speed at any time. The machine is easy to operate, boasts stable performance, and offers safe and reliable operation. This series of testing machines consists of two independent components: the main unit and the force measuring instrument.

Technical Parameters

Machine Systems and Operating Principles

This unit is divided into two parts: the main unit and the force gauge, which are connected via oil lines.

3.1 Host Machine

The host is equipped with a highly adjustable support frame (composed of a base lead screw and a moving…

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The structure consists of two main parts: the working frame (composed of the work cylinder, piston, worktable, guide rod, and upper crossbeam) and the operating mechanism.

The operating principle involves the high-pressure oil pump supplying oil to the working cylinder; as the piston moves, it drives the worktable and upper crossbeam upward, enabling tensile or compressive testing of the specimen. Tensile tests are conducted between the upper crossbeam and the moving crossbeam of the main frame, while compressive tests are performed between the worktable of the main frame and the moving crossbeam. Adjustment of the test space is primarily achieved by using the drive mechanism to raise and lower the moving crossbeam.

3.2 Working Cylinder and Piston

The working cylinder and piston are the main components of the machine. The cylinder is fixed to the machine base, and a spherical joint is installed between the piston and the worktable. During the return stroke, the piston is pressed back by its own weight. The pressure oil is sealed by the oil film between the cylinder and the piston, while the inner surface of the cylinder provides guidance. Thanks to the self‑aligning function of the spherical joint, friction between the cylinder and the piston caused by lateral forces is significantly reduced.

3.3 Moving Crossbeam and Drive Mechanism

The moving crossbeam is supported on the lead screw via a transmission nut. The lead screw can rotate in both forward and reverse directions, and its rotation is driven by a drive mechanism mounted at the bottom. The moving mechanism consists of a reduction motor, sprockets, and a chain; the reduction motor drives the two lead screws to rotate in synchronization through the sprockets and chain.

3.4 Piston Stroke Limit Device

(1) Workbench (2) Limiting Pull Plate (3) Limit Switch (4) Bumper Rod (5) Oil Cylinder, Piston (6) Base

A limit switch 3 is installed between workbench 1 and base 6. As the piston rises, it drives the limit pull plate 2 to rise together; when the contact rod 4 comes into contact with the spring-loaded rod of the limit switch, the oil pump power supply is immediately disconnected, thereby realizing a safety protection function.

3.5减速 Mechanism

1. Lead screw 2. Large Sprocket 3. Adjust the idler wheel 4. Oil Cylinder, Piston 5. Chain 6. Driving Sprocket

3.5.1 A reduction mechanism is mounted on the base, with 6 serving as the driving sprocket to drive the chain in motion; 1 is a symmetrical lead screw, 2 is a large sprocket mounted on the lead screw, 3 is an adjusting idler wheel for tension adjustment, and 4 is the piston cylinder, while 5 is the chain.

3.5.2 Chain Installation and Adjustment: The chain has been properly adjusted before leaving the factory, so users do not need to make any further adjustments.

3.5.3 Special Attention: When operating the moving crossbeam, be sure not to use the moving crossbeam to apply force—its primary function is to raise and lower under no-load conditions only.

3.6 Force Gauge

This testing machine is equipped with a digital force indicator. The force measurement system consists of a digital display, a pressure sensor, a microcomputer, and a printer. For detailed operating instructions, please refer to the user manual for the force display and control unit.

3.7 Hydraulic Pressure Control System

The hydraulic control system consists of the high-pressure oil pump of the load cell, the oil supply valve, the oil return valve, and the working piston of the main unit’s working cylinder. During testing, hydraulic oil flows from the oil pump’s outlet pipe into the oil supply valve. When the handwheel of the oil supply valve is closed, the oil remains stationary due to hydraulic pressure; when the handwheel is opened, the oil passes through the oil supply valve for throttling and then enters the working cylinder via the oil supply line. Under pressure, the working piston moves upward, driving the main unit’s worktable, the crossbeam on the optical rod, and other components to apply load to the specimen. Simultaneously, the pressurized oil flows through the oil return line into the oil return valve, then into the pressure sensor. After being calculated and processed by the microcomputer, the results are displayed in digital form or printed out.